Somalia continues to face a complex identity crisis shaped by decades of conflict, clan-based politics, and unequal power structures. The 4.5 power-sharing formula—designed as a temporary solution has reinforced clan dominance while marginalising minority communities such as the Somali Bantu, Benadiri, and Gaboye. These groups remain underrepresented in politics and are excluded from national decision-making.
The Role of the Somali Diaspora
The Somali diaspora plays a major role in shaping the country’s social and political landscape. With millions living abroad, the diaspora contributes through remittances, advocacy, education, and peace-building initiatives. However, diaspora Somalis also face challenges when engaging in national politics. Their voices are sometimes undervalued or dismissed due to distance, perceived privilege, or political sensitivities. Inclusive governance must recognise the diaspora as an integral part of Somalia’s identity and future.
The One Person, One Vote (1P1V) Opportunity
Somalia’s shift toward One Person, One Vote is a crucial step in strengthening national identity and ensuring equal citizenship. While implementation remains difficult due to political mistrust, security issues, and resistance from entrenched interests, universal suffrage has the potential to:
- Reduce reliance on clan quotas
- Empower marginalised communities
- Increase legitimacy and political participation
- Broaden representation, including for the diaspora
A fair 1P1V system can help rebuild trust and foster a sense of belonging for all Somalis, at home and abroad.
Building a More Inclusive Future
To overcome its identity crisis, Somalia needs deep, inclusive reforms. Key priorities include:
- Constitutional protections for minority groups
- Fair political and electoral representation
- Civic education across the country and the diaspora
- Investment in marginalised communities
- A national identity that goes beyond clan lines
A stable and prosperous Somalia depends on recognising every Somali, whether in Mogadishu, Nairobi, London, Toronto, or Minneapolis, as an equal stakeholder in the nation’s future.
